SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCE AND HAPPINESS AMONG SENIOR CITIZENS OF KARACHI

Abstract

Spirituality is one of the most important factors in mankind since his creation. Spirituality affects every aspect of life including happiness in life. The purpose of present study is to assess the relationship between spirituality and happiness among senior citizen, Karachi, Pakistan, using 3 hypotheses to explore the research area. H1: There would be a positive relationship between Spiritual experience and happiness among Senior Citizens of Karachi H2: There would be a significant difference of spiritual experience among male and female senior citizens. H3: There would be difference on level of happiness among male and female senior citizens. This study was based on cross sectional study method. Sample of the study consisted of 100 participants (39 male, 61 females) above age 60 who voluntarily wanted to participate and had no major physical or psychological issue. Data was collected using demographic form, Daily Spiritual Experience scale (Urdu version) and Subjective Happiness scale. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the data. The results of the study indicate that there is a moderately significant positive relationship between spiritual experience and happiness. However, no significant difference was found among males and females’ senior citizens for spiritual experience and happiness.