Author Guidelines

Submission
Articles submitted to ‘BUJHSS’ can be in areas of Humanities and Social Sciences mentioned in scope and mission of BUJHSS both theoretical, applied manuscripts in English and should be electronically submitted at http://bujhss.bahria.edu.pk/index.php/ojs


Manuscripts should be submitted as a single ‘Word File’ including all materials. Information about the author should be submitted as separate MSWord file including name, designation, affiliation, email and contact number of all the authors.

The opinions expressed in articles are only those of authors and not those of the editors or publisher. Authors are personally responsible to obtain permission for reprint of previously published material in other sources. Further details related to call for papers and previous issues of journal are available at Bahria University Website BUJHSS under Bahria University Karachi Campus.

Article Structure

  • Text types and Subdivision- Numbered sections
    The main text; type font size:
  • Paper Title – Arial 12 Bold, 1.5 line-spacing
  • Headings – Arial 10 Bold, 1.5 line-spacing numbered as 1, 2, 3;
  • Subheadings – Arial 10 pts Bold, numbered as 1.1, 1.2, 1.3;

General Style:

Preparation of the Manuscript: Articles written only in English language are accepted for publication. Spellings should follow Webster’s Dictionary or Oxford English Dictionary. All submissions may have a title, abstract, keywords, introduction, relevant work, proposed methodology, result & analysis, discussion and conclusion sections.

  • The suggested limit for the paper is 5000 to 8000 words.
  • Figures and tables should be captioned and numbered clearly.
  • Font style and size should be Arial 10.
  • Please be sure that your paper is 1.5 line-spacing including references and uses 1-inch margins on all sides.
  • Your text including title of sections must be justified, start a new paragraph by indenting it from the left margin; for the figures and tables, use Arial 9 bold with single line spacing.
  • Some flexibility of the presentation will be allowed but authors are urged to arrange the subject matter clearly under such headings as:
    • Introduction
    • Purpose and Scope
    • Research Methodology
    • Results and Analysis/ Discussions
    • Conclusions
    • Recommendations.(if applicable)
  • Illustrations must be placed as close as possible to where they are mentioned in the main text. They must be numbered consecutively (e.g. Fig.1. Fig.2….) Bold, centered with caption on top and source should be placed below figure.
  • Tables must be numbered consecutively (e.g. Table. 1). Table headings should be placed above the table.
  • Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, …), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to ‘the text’. Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.

A typical article might include the following: -

Abstract
The abstract section is the mandatory part for all articles. An abstract is a concise summary of the whole paper, not just the conclusions. It should state the purpose of the study, hypothesis, method, analysis, main findings and conclusions.

A factual abstract is required consisting 150-250 words. An abstract is often presented separately from the article so it must be able to stand alone. Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.

Keywords
Immediately after the abstract, provide a minimum of 5 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, ‘and’, ‘of’). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Introduction
State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or summary of the results. The introduction should also justify why the topic of the paper is important and that the content is original. The summary of results should have been dealt with in the abstract.

It may also contain the theoretical framework, rationale of the study and the litreature review of updated and relevant researches. However, Research objectives and / or hypotheses should be clearly listed.

Literature Review (if applicable):

This section should extend (but not repeat) the background to the article already dealt with in the introduction and lay the foundation for the work being reported. It should identify the most relevant previous literature on the topic (but not in excessive detail) in order to position the paper and demonstrate how it will make a significant contribution. It (or a separate section) should set out (and justify) the theoretical or conceptual framework adopted in the paper. It may identify a number of hypotheses to be tested. In short, this section (or sections) should explain what the motivation for the paper is and why its contribution is original and significant.

Research/Proposed Methodology:  This section should include the design of the study, description of the study sample, assessment protocols, ethical considerations and the procedure of data collection.

Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described. The reader needs to know that the empirical data and/or other material are relevant, reliable and capable of supporting robust conclusions, and that the methodology is appropriate, systematic and rigorous.

Results and Analysis/Discussions
Results should be clear and concise.

The results should be presented in a logical sequence in the text utilizing tables and illustrations (figures). Do not state the information that has been already presented. Tables, figures and illustrations must be prepared according to prescribed referencing format. Each table must have a title, and must be numbered in sequence. Clear notes should be made by the author(s) at the approximate point of insertion in the text.This section includes major findings; and emphasize new and important aspects of the study including conclusion and implications. It should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussions section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature

Conclusions and Recommendations

The main conclusions of the study be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section. This section should also may make clear what is the original contribution of the paper, discuss the policy or management implications of the findings, provide a critical assessment of the limitations of study, and outline possible fruitful lines for further research.

References

References to the literature should be mentioned in the main text by writing the author and year in brackets. List these at the very end of your paper (under the heading ‘References’); the references should follow the APA- style also you can find details in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association)

Authors Note: Include the names of all authors, according to their position in authorship, their organizational / departmental affiliations, contact details and complete postal as well as email address(es) of the corresponding author.

Article length

The standard length of articles for BUJHSS is between 5000 to 8000 words including foot notes/in-text citations, and other in-text material and References. However special cases may be considered after prior permission from the editor by writing the letter describing valid reasons for extended length.

Essential Title Page Information

  • Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information- retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
  • Author names and affiliations. Where the family name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicate this clearly. Present the authors’ affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author’s name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, the e-mail address of each other.
  • Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that contact number and fax numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address. Contact details must be kept up to date by the corresponding author.
  • Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a ‘Present address’ (or ‘Permanent address’) may be indicated as a footnote to that author’s name. The address at which the author actually did the work must retain as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
  • Maximum number of authors for a paper is three.

Abbreviations
Any word or words to be abbreviated should be written in full when first mentioned followed by the abbreviation in parenthesis.

Tables and Supplementary Material

Data must be kept to a minimum. Tables should be numbered and headed with short titles. As with illustrations, they should not be inserted in the manuscript but supplied either after the main body of the text or uploaded as separate files.